This report focuses on tobacco use in Nigeria and Kenya, where 38,851 people die prematurely each year due to smoking. Despite projections showing a decrease in smoking rates by 2025, tobacco-related diseases like heart disease, tuberculosis, and stroke are set to rise. Tobacco harm reduction (THR) products, such as e-cigarettes and heated tobacco, could help reduce this burden, but they have not been fully embraced by governments or healthcare professionals. The report suggests that expanding access to THR products could save lives, and projections show significant health improvements if these alternatives and better cessation services are adopted.